Evolution of the Legal and Government System of Montenegro
A cycle of articles on the legal and governmental structure of the country
Montenegro represents a unique case of state-building in South-Eastern Europe — a young state with a rich historical legacy, whose legal system has undergone significant transformation since declaring independence in 2006. The articles below cover all key aspects of the country's legal and governmental structure.
Articles in the cycle
1Read →2Read →3Read →4Read →5Read →6Read →7Read →8Read →9Read →10Read →11Read →12Read →13Read →14Read →Read →
Preface
Montenegro — a unique case of state-building in South-Eastern Europe
Theoretical Foundations and Legal Concepts
The legal system is rooted in the continental European tradition based on Roman law
Constitution of Montenegro
Adopted on 19 October 2007 — structure and key provisions
Parliament of Montenegro (Skupština)
Unicameral parliament — structure, powers and role
President of Montenegro
Constitutional status and powers of the head of state
Government of Montenegro
Highest executive body — composition, powers and functioning
Administrative and Territorial Division
Local self-government and constitutional foundations
Legal System and Hierarchy of Acts
A complex multi-level structure of the legal system
Judicial System
Transformation since independence
Constitutional Court
History and powers of the Constitutional Court of Montenegro
Electoral System and Political Parties
Key elements of the democratic structure
Ombudsman: Human Rights Protection
The Protector of Human Rights and Freedoms — powers, history, how to apply
Civil Service and State Administration
Public administration system, digitalisation, reform 2022–2026
Foreign Policy
EU, NATO, regional cooperation — Montenegro's international relations
15
Economic System
Montenegro's economic policy — publication date: 31.05.2025
16
17Evolution of the Legal and Government System
Final article of the cycle — publication date: 07.06.2025
Tax Harmonisation with the EU
Chapter 16 negotiations, the 2026 VAT reform, the 15% global minimum tax — what is changing on the path to EU membership